孕期静脉血栓性疾病风险要比孕前高,而产后的风险又比产前更高,但孕期静脉血栓性疾病总的发生率不高,在美国约为1/500~2000。血栓性疾病严重时可有生命危险,但是有效的预防是可以降低它的发生风险的,因此我们还是有必要了解下。那什么是血栓性疾病呢,下面这段视频给出了很生动的解释。
视频内容要点翻译:
如果因为外科手术、怀孕、远途旅行长时间不动,出现深静脉血栓的风险将会增加,深静脉血栓是指在人体深静脉有血栓形成,常发生在腿部。静脉和动脉不同,动脉倚靠心脏泵血推动血液流动,而静脉则需要依靠移动或行走时肌肉收缩使血液流动。静脉有静脉阀,使得从四肢汇集的血液往心脏回流,当长时间不动时,静脉流速变慢,结果导致血栓的形成,即深静脉血栓,常见的症状包括:腿部肿胀、局部疼痛、皮温升高、皮肤发红或颜色改变等。有些情况下,血栓会从静脉血管壁脱离,随着血液流动经腹部的静脉到达心脏及肺,堵塞肺部动脉及分支,导致肺栓塞,这种情况比较严重,可能导致部分肺组织永久性的损害,如果栓子比较大或者比较多的情况下,可能会有生命危险。
因此孕妇如果出现下肢肿胀疼痛,特别是双侧下肢肿胀不对称,或者呼吸困难胸痛等症状时,需及时就诊。
(更新时间:2018年04月08日)
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